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You are a conservationist scientist working
for CCI in the analytical research laboratory. Your task is to first of
all research the types of chemicals used in paintings in 1603 and their
chemical and physical properties. You then will determine testing
procedures that could be used to identify the metal ions present in the
painting.
You are required to write an article that
could be submitted to a scientific journal that summarizes your research
and testing procedures. This article should include:
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a summary of the chemicals
used in paintings in 1603, their physical and chemical properties, and
effects these chemicals could have on the health of people living at
that time
a description of the
procedures that could be used to identify metal ions present in
paintings and balanced equations that describe chemical reactions that
occur
the expected observations
from the Shakespeare painting
a discussion regarding the
authenticity of the painting
Part A: Research
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Use a variety of resources to research the chemicals
found in paint pigments in 1603 and their chemical and physical
properties. Also research the impact of the use of these chemicals on
the health of society at that time.
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Use a variety of resources to determine the chemicals
identified in Shakespeare’s portrait.
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Summarize your results in an appropriate format.
Part B: Testing and Inquiry
Detecting Metal Ions [Lab]
Materials:
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safety goggles |
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small test tubes or spotting plates |
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solutions of metal ions: barium nitrate
lithium nitrate lead II nitrate |
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calcium nitrate strontium nitrate |
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copper II nitrate potassium nitrate |
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iron III nitrate sodium nitrate |
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test solutions in dropper bottles:
sodium carbonate sodium iodide |
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sodium sulphate sodium hydroxide |
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dropper bottles or eye droppers |
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wooden splints that have been soaked in
each of the metal solutions |
Note: a) All solutions should
be 0.1 M
b) Tests can be done using spot plates and drops of each
solution or small test tubes and 0.5 mL each of the metal solutions and
test solutions
c) Dispose of all solutions in a special container
Procedure:
Place two drops of barium
nitrate solution in four wells in your spot plates. To the first well add
two drops of sodium carbonate solution, to the second, add sodium sulphate,
to the third, add sodium iodide, and to the fourth, add sodium hydroxide
(or use 0.5 mL of each in a small test tube). Repeat the tests for all the
metal ion solutions.
Record observations
for all tests in a table format.
Individually test splints
soaked in metal ion solutions. Place the splint in a blue Bunsen burner
flame. Do not burn the splint. Record the colour of the flame in your
observation table.
Analysis
Present all observations in a
table format.
Write balanced chemical
equations for any observed reactions
Conclusion and Evaluation
Use your observations to describe in detail three
distinctive tests that could be done to identify the presence of each
metal ion. Also provide the expected results for each test.
Part C: Analyze and Reflect
In the research part of this activity, you
found out which metal ions should be present in a painting done in 1603.
Use the results from your experiment to write a report summarizing the
tests you would perform to determine the metal ions in Shakespeare’s
portrait and the expected observations.
Part D: Communicate
Prepare an article summarizing
your findings for a scientific journal. You will need to review several
journals in order to find out the format your article should follow. Your
article should include:
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a) an abstract
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b) a summary, recorded in an appropriate format, of
the chemicals used in paintings in 1603, their physical and chemical
properties, and effects these chemicals could have on the health of
people living at that time
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c) a description of several tests that could be used
to identify metal ions present in paintings in 1603 and the expected
observations from the Shakespeare painting
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d) a discussion, based on your research, regarding the
authenticity of the painting
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e) all references used listed in APA style
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